Platanthera dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex L.C. Beck 1833
Photos by Jim Fowler and his P-Base Orchid North American Orchid Website
Drawing by Gordon W Dillon
Common Name The Broad Platanthera - In the USA and Canada Leafy White Orchid - Bog Candles - Tall White Bog Orchid - White Rein Orchid - Tall White Northern Bog Orchid - The Scented Bottle Orchid
Flower Size about 1/2" [to 1.25 cm]
Found in most all of Canada and the western USA as a large sized, cold growing terrestrial of bogs, swamp and damp meadows with an elongated stem carrying about 12, linear-lanceolate, the largest basally clasping below, becoming bract-like above leaves that blooms in the summer on an erect, terminal, 1 to 2' [30 to 60 cm] long, many [70] flowered, racemose inflorescence with lanceolate, much longer than the ovary floral bracts and carrying delicately fragrant flowers.
Synonyms Habenaria borealis var. albiflora Cham. 1828; Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook. 1825; Habenaria dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Correll 1943; Habenaria dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Ames 1910; Habenaria fragrans Niles 1904; Habenaria flagellans S.Watson 1880; Habenaria graminifolia (Rydb.) J.K. Henry 1915; Habenaria leptoceratitis J.K.Henry 1915; Habenaria leucostachys (Lindl.) S.Watson 1880; Habenaria leucostachys var. robusta (Rydb.) J.K.Henry 1915; Habenaria leucostachys var. virida Jeps. 1921; Habenaria pedicellata S.Watson 1877; Limnorchis dilatata (Pursh) Rydb 1901; Limnorchis foliosa Rydb. 1901; Limnorchis fragrans Rydb. 1901; Limnorchis graminifolia Rydb. 1901; Limnorchis leptoceratitis Rydb. 1901; Limnorchis leucostachys (Lindl.) Rydb. 1900; Limnorchis leucostachys subsp. robusta (Rydb.) Piper & Beattie 1915; Orchis agastachys Fisch. ex Lindl. 1835; *Orchis dilatata Pursh 1814; Piperia dilatata (Pursh) Szlach. & Rutk. 2000; Piperia dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Szlach. & Rutk. 2000; Piperia dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Szlach. & Rutk. 2000; Platanthera cylindrica Bach.Pyl. 1826; Platanthera dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex L.C. Beck 1833; Platanthera dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Ledeb. 1852; Platanthera dilatata var. angustifolia Hook. 1839; Platanthera dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Luer 1975; Platanthera graminea Lindl. 1835; Platanthera hyperborea subsp. dilatata (Pursh) Rchb.f. 1851; Platanthera hyperborea subsp. graminea Rchb.f. 1851 Platanthera hyperborea var. dilatata (Pursh) Kraenzl. 1899; Platanthera hyperborea var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Kraenzl. 1901; Platanthera leucostachys Lindl. 1835; Platanthera lindleyi Steud. 1841; Tulotis albiflora Raf. 1833; Tulotis fragrans Raf. 1833
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 588 Pursh 1813 as Orchis dilitata
Exot. Fl. 1: t. 95 Rybd. 1823 as Habenaria dilitata
* Bot. North. Middle States: 347 Lindley ex L C Beck 1833 as ;
Herb. Raf.: 71 Raf. 1833 as Tulotis albiflora
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 287 Fisch ex Lindley 1835 as Orchis agastachys
Fl. Bor.-Amer., Bot. N. Brit. Amer. 2: 198 Hooker 1839 as Platanthera dilatata var. angustifolia
Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: 126 Rchb.f 1851 as P hyperborea var dilitata Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 623 Rybd 1901 as Limnorchis dilatata var. linearifolia Drawing fide Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 622 Rybd 1901 as Limnorchis foliosa drawing fide Man. Fl. N. States: 294 Rybd 1901 as Limnorchis fragrans Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 2: 162 Rybd 1901 as Limnorchis leptoceratitis Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4: 55 Ames 1910 as Habenaria dilatata; Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4: 71 Ames 1910 as Habenaria dilatata var leucostachys; Die Orchideen Schlechter 1915 as Platanthera dilatata; Native Orchids of North America: 69 Correll 1950 as Habenaria dilitata Native Orchids of North America: 70 Correll 1950 as Habenaria dilitata drawing fide; Native Orchids of North America: 71 Correll 1950 as Habenaria dilitata var albiflora Native Orchids of North America: 72 Correll 1950 as Habenaria dilitata var leucostachys Native Orchids of North America: 70 Correll 1950 as Habenaria dilitata var leucostachys drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 29 No 5 1960; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 as Platanther dilatata; The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada Luer 1975 drawing/photos fide; The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada Luer 1975 as P dilitata var albiflora drawing/photos fide; The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada Luer 1975 as P dilitata var leucostachys drawing/photos fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 6 1979 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 10 1979 photo ok; AOS Bulletin Vol 49 No 2 1980 photo good; AOS Bulletin Vol 61 No 5/463 1992 photo fide; Schlechteriana Vol 4 No 4 1993 as Platanthera dilatata; AOS Bulletin Vol 63 No 4 1994 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 66 No 3 1997 as Platanthera dilatata var leucostachys photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 63 #2 1999 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 69 No 11 2000 photo fide; Acta Bot. Fenn. 169: 380 Szlach. & Rutk. 2000 as Piperia dilitata AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 9 2003 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 74 #2 2010 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 81 #12 2012 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 84 #12 2015 photo fide;
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Platanthera dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Ledeb. 1852 Photos by Carl Luer
Differs for the type mostly in the denser inflorescence and in the spur being shorter than the lip.
Synonyms Habenaria borealis var. albiflora Cham. 1828; Habenaria dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Correll 1943; Piperia dilatata var. albiflora (Cham.) Szlach. & Rutk. 2000; Platanthera graminea Lindl. 1835; Platanthera hyperborea var. graminea Rchb.f. 1851; Platanthera lindleyi Steud. 1841; Tulotis albiflora Raf. 1833;
References Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
Linnaea 3: 28 Cham 1828 as Habenaria borealis var. albiflora
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 289 Lindley 1835 as P graminea nom. illeg.
Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 351 Steud. 1841 as P lindleyi
Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: 126 Rchb.f 1851 as Platanthera hyperborea var. graminea
Fl. Ross. 4: 71 Ledeb 1852 as P dilatata var. albiflora
Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 238 Correll 1943 as Habenaria dilatata var. albiflora
S. W. Naturalist 13: 339 A Love & W Simon 1968 as Limnorchis dilatata subsp. albiflora
Acta Bot. Fenn. 169: 380 Szlach. & Rutk. 2000 as Piperia dilitata var albiflora
Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 92: 1459 Efimov 2007 as Limnorchis dilatata var. albiflora
AOS Bulletin Vol 88 # 6 2019 photo fide;
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Platanthera dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Luer 1975 Photo by Carl Luer
Flower Size .6 to .8" [1.5 to 2 cm]
Found in most all of California in wet areas, bogs, meadows, hillside seeps, stream banks and marshy areas at elevations of sealevel to 3350 meters as a large sized, cold growing terrestrial with an erect, densely many flowered inflorescence carrying clove scented flowers.
Differs from the type mostly in the spur being 1 1/2 times longer than the lip.
Synonyms Habenaria dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Ames 1910; Habenaria flagellans S.Watson 1880; Habenaria graminifolia (Rydb.) J.K. Henry 1915; Habenaria leptoceratitis J.K.Henry 1915; Habenaria leucostachys (Lindl.) S.Watson 1880; Habenaria leucostachys var. robusta (Rydb.) J.K.Henry 1915; Habenaria leucostachys var. virida Jeps. 1921; Habenaria pedicellata S.Watson 1877; Limnorchis graminifolia Rydb. 1901; Limnorchis leucostachys (Lindl.) Rydb. 1900; Limnorchis leucostachys subsp. robusta (Rydb.) Piper & Beattie 1915; Piperia dilatata var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Szlach. & Rutk. 2000; Platanthera hyperborea var. leucostachys (Lindl.) Kraenzl. 1901; Platanthera leucostachys Lindl. 1835; Platanthera lindleyi Steud. 1841;
References Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 288 Lindley 1835 as Platanthera leucostachys
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 276 S Watson 1877 as Habenaria pedicellata
Bot. California 2: 134 S Watson 1880 as Habenaria leucostachys
Bot. California 2: 483 S Watson 1880 as Habenaria flagellans
Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 106 Rybd 1900 as Limnorchis leucostachys
Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 642 Kraenzlin 1901 as Platanthera hyperborea var. leucostachys
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 627 Rybd 1901 as Limnorchis graminifolia drawing fide
Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4: 71 Ames 1910 as Habenaria dilitata var leucostachya
Fl. S. Brit. Columbia: 93 J K Henry 1915 as Habenaria leucostachys var. robusta
Fl. S. Brit. Columbia: 92 J K Henry 1915 as Habenaria graminifolia
Fl. N.W. Coast: 110 Piper & Beattie 1915 as Limnorchis leucostachys subsp. robusta
Fl. S. Brit. Columbia: 92 J K Henry 1915 as Habenaria leptoceratitis
Fl. Calif. 1: 331 Jeps. 1921 as Habenaria leucostachys var. virida
Acta Univ. Lund., 2, 39(1): 478 Hulten 1943 as P dilitata var leucostachys
AOS Bulletin Vol 66 No 3 1997 photo fide;
Acta Bot. Fenn. 169: 380 Szlach. & Rutk. 2000 as Piperia dilatata var. leucostachys Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 40: 49 Efimov 2008 publ. 2009 as Limnorchis dilatata var. leucostachys
AOS Bulletin Vol 80 #4 2011 photo fide;
AOS Bulletin Vol 86 # 3 2017 photo fide;
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