!Stenorrhynchos speciosum [Jacq.] Rich. ex Spreng. 1817
Flower Closeup in situ Colombia
Flower Closer still in situ Colombia
Another inflorescence in situ Colombia
Plants in flower in situ in Cundinamarca Colombia 12/06 el 2975 meters
Plant in situ Cundinamarca 12/06 2975 meters
Photos by © Jay Pfahl
Photos by © Andreas Philipp
Photo by Allen Black
and 
Common Name The Outstanding Stenorrhynchos
Flower Size .72" [1.8 cm]
Found in Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico in moister areas of semi-deciduous forests at elevations of 1200 to 3000 meters as a medium sized, cold growing terrestrial in seasonally dry forests or plains, in humus or on steep embankments or an ocasional epiphyte with a spiral rosette of 6 to 12, elliptic, petiolate, dark clear green, persistant leaves that blooms in the mid-fall and winter on a 8" to 36" [20 to 90 cm] long, terminal, erect, many [60] flowered, racemose inflorescence with lanceolate, acuminate, red bracts and carrying the long-lasting, spirally arranged flowers at the apex.
The type of the species which has mostly clear-green leaves is found in the Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. If this species was joined with the species Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii ,
Stenorrhynchos albidomaculatum and Stenorrhynchos nutans , then the variety albidomaculatum known from most of the South American tropics and the variety nutans is in Colombia Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru. Then there is Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii , found in Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama and Costa Rica,
The major diagnostic difference from the N American Sacoila lanceolatum and S speciosum of Central, South America and the Caribbean is the northern species has clear dark green leaves and the southern ones have white splotched leaves.
Synonyms Gyrostachys speciosa [Jacq.] Kuntze 1891; Ibidium speciosum [Jacq.] Salisb. 1812; *Neottia speciosa Jacq. 1792; Serapias speciosa [Jacq.] J.F. Gmel. 1791; Spiranthes richardii Autran & T. Durand 1896; Spiranthes speciosa (Jacq.) Lilja 1842; Spiranthes speciosa [Jacq.] A. Rich. 1852;
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].: 59 J F Gmel. 1791 as Serapias speciosa
Ic. Pl. Rar. 3(9): t. 600 1792 as Neottia speciosa drawing fide
Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 291 Salisb. 1812 as Ibidium speciosum
*De Orchid. Eur.: 37 Rich. 1817
Handb. Odl. Vext. Fl. Kult. 1: 113 Lilja 1842 as Spiranthes speciosa nom. illeg.
Bonplandia Vol 4: 312 Rchb.f 1856 as Neottia speciosa;
Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 664 Kuntze 1891 as Gyrostachys speciosa
Hortus Boiss.: 351 Autran * T Durand 1896 as Spiranthes richardii Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI: 331 Orchidaceae Urban 1909; Flora of Jamaica: 22 Fawcett & Rendle 1910;
Die Orchideen: 212 Schlechter 1915; Atlas des Orchidees Cultivees Constantin 1920 as Spiranthes speciosus drawing fide; The Orchids of Panama: 157 L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946 as Spiranthes speciosa; Venezuelan Orchids Vol 2 Dunsterville & Garay 1961 as Spiranthes speciosa not = S albidomaculata drawing good; AOS Bulletin Vol 31 No 8 1962 photo as Spiranthes speciosa; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 as Spiranthes speciosum photo fide; Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 1 1969 as Spiranthes speciosa not = S albidomaculata drawing; Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 2 Hamer 1974 as Spiranthes colorata drawing/photo hmm not = Stenorhynchos lanceolata?; Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 6 321 - 384 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1975; Flora of Ecuador No 9 225[1] Garay 1978; AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 5 1979 as Spiranthes speciosum AOS Bulletin Vol 49 No 6 1980 photo NOT = S speciosum ; Las Orquideas de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii drawing ok; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1295 Dodson 1985 drawing ok; ORQUIDEA (Méx. ) 10 (1): 55 ABRIL 1986 photo not = Sacoila lanceolata; The Orchids of Surinam Werkhoven 1986 as S lanceolatum; An Introdution to the Orchids of Mexico Wiard 1987 photo not = Sacoila lanceolata; AOS Bulletin Vol 61 No 10 1992 photo not = S lanceolatum; The Manual Of Cultivated Orchid Species Bechtel, Cribb & Launert 1992; Native Colombian Orchids Vol 4 COS 1992 photo fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1492 Atwood 1992 drawing ok; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1492a Atwood 1992 drawing ok; An Orchid Flora of Peurto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1995; Guatemala Y Sus Orquideas Behar & Tinschert 1998 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii photo clear leaves; Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 3 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as S nutans drawing good; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen Band 1C lieferung 41 pg 2565 - 2625 Brieger 2001; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 11 2003 photo fide; Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 as S nutans photo fide; Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii drawing fide; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 5 Dodson 2004 photo fide; Orquideologia Vol 24 #1 2005 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 75 No 3 2006 drawing fide; Orquideas de la Serrania del Baudo Misas Urreta 2005 drawing/photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 78 No 5 2009 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 75 #1 2011 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 84 #1 2015 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 86 #3 2016 as Neottia speciosum drawing fide; Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii photo fide; Lankesteriana 19(1). 43 2019 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii photo fide; Orquideas de Farallones de Cali Galindo-Tarazona, Haelterman, Zuluaga Trochez and Sebastian Moreno 2020 photo fide; Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018 NOT = Stenorrhynchos glicensteinii Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia: 182 Szlachetko & Kolanowska 2019 Drawing fide
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