Photo by © Pankaj Kumar and the The Flowers of India Website

Another Flower Spurless

Photo by © Tripetch P. and the Thai Nature Website

Plant in situ Thailand

Photo by © Mr S and Han Loa Vietnam Website

Drawing

Drawing by © Teresa Tung Hop Fung #1 & 3 Pauline Lai # 2, 4 - 14

EARLY

Common Name The Kidney Shaped Habenaria [refers to the leaf shape]- In China Shen Ye Yu Feng Hua

Flower Size 1/2" [1.25 cm]

Found in south China, Assam, India, Nepal, Thailand, Sumatra, Cambodia and Vietnam in grassy areas within forests at elevations of 150 to 825 meters as a small sized, hot to warm growing terrestrial with globose, fleshy tubers giving rise to an erect, rather slender stem carrying 1 to 2, basal, almost horizontally spreading, orbicular, ovate-cordate to broadly ovate-orbicular, fleshy, often cordate basally, amplexicaul, obtuse apically leaves and grading to 3 to 4, bract-like leaves above that blooms in the summer and early fall on an erect, glabrous then pubescent above, 2.8 to 4" [7 to 10 cm] long, racemose, many flowered inflorescence with a 1.2 to 2" [3 to 5 cm] long rachis carrying lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the ovary floral bracts.

CAUTION This species is extremely variable in flower form. There are spurless forms with a simple lip to spurred flowers with trilobed lips and columns that vary greatly.

This species, H humidicola, H porphyricola, H humistrata, H siamensis and H poilanei form a group of similar and possibly conspecific species and need more study to see if they can maintain their species status.

Synonyms Aopla reniformis (D.Don) Lindl. 1835; Habenaria clovisii Gagnep. 1931; Herminium reniforme (D.Don) Lindl. ex Wall. 1832; *Listera reniformis D.Don 1825; Neottia reniformis (D.Don) Spreng. 1826;

References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;

Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 28 D Don 1825 as Listera reniformis

Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 707 Spreng 1826 as Neottia reniformis

Numer. List: n.° 7067 Lindley ex Wall 1832 as Herminium reniforme nom. nud.

Edwards's Bot. Reg. 20: t. 1701 Lindley 1834 as Aopla reniformis

* Fl. Brit. India 6: 152 Hooker 1890

Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 68 Gagnep 1931 as H clovisii

Flore Generale de Indo-Chine Volume 6 Gagnepain 1934 as Habenaria clovisii;

Tidsskrift bd 68 hft 1 Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand V Seidedenfaden 1973 as H clovisii drawing good;

Contributions to a Revision of the Orchid Flora of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam Seidenfaden 1975 as H clovisii;

Indian Orchids A Field Guide to Identification and Culture Vol 1 Pradhan 1976;

The Genera of Orchidceae in Hong Kong Hu 1977;

Dansk Botanisk Arkiv Bind 31 #3 Orchid Genera in Thailand V Orchidoideae Seidenfaden 1977 drawing ok?;

Identification of the Orchids [Orchidaceae Juss.] Vietnam Averyanov 1994;

Orchids of India A Glimpse Misra 2007;

Flora of China Vol 25 Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan 2009;

Flora of China Vol 25 Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan Illustrations 2010 drawing fide;

Flora Of Thailand Orchidaceae Vol 12 Part 1 Pedersen, Kurzweil, Suddee & Cribb 2011 drawing good;

The Wild Orchids of Hong Kong Barretto, Cribb and Gale 2011 drawing/photo fide;

Orchids of Odisha Misra 2014 drawing fide;

Gard. Bull. Singapore 67[1]:113 Kurzweil & Lwin 2015 photo fide;

Austral. Orchid Rev. 83(6): 51 M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 2018 as

Atlas of Native Orchids of China Vol 1 Jin Xiaohua, Li Jianwu and Ye Deping 2019 photo fide;

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------