SUBGENUS Acianthera SECTION Brachystachyae Lindley 1859
Characterized by the short to elongate, but seldom prolific ramicauls [similar species with compressed ramicauls are treated in Section sicariae] carry sessile leaves with margins that are sometimes decurrent on the ramicaul. The usually short, fleshy, racemose inflorescence is terminal from the ramicaul and does not arise through an annulus but can arise from the rhizome as in the case of P johnsonii. The long to short, single to many flowered inflorescence have flowers with fleshy, often pubescent sepals whose laterals are connate. The thick, ligulate lip usually with a pair of calli on the disc is more or less broadly unguiculate and often minutely bilobulate at the delicately hinged base.
- Pleurothallis aberrans Luer 1978 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador
- Pleurothallis aculeata Luer & Hirtz 1996 Ecuador
- Pleurothallis adamantinensis Brade 1939 Brazil
- Pleurothallis alligatorifera Rchb. f. 1865 Brazil
- Pleurothallis angustifolia Lindl. 1836 Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize and Mexico
- Pleurothallis angustipetala C.Schweinf. 1953 Mexico, Belize and Guatemala
- Pleurothallis aphthosa Lindl.1838 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay
- Pleurothallis aurantiaca Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil
- Pleurothallis aveniformis Hoehne 1950 Brazil
- Pleurothallis bicarinata Lindl. 1939 Brazil
- Pleurothallis bicornuta (Barb.Rodr.) Cogn. 1896 Brazil
- Pleurothallis bidentata Lindl. 1835 Rio de Janiero Brazil
- Pleurothallis bidentula Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis binotii Regel 1880 Brazil
- Pleurothallis breviflora Lindl. 1841 Mexico
- Pleurothallis capanemae Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis chrysantha Lindl. 1859 Mexico
- Pleurothallis ciliata Knowles ex Westc.1837 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern Brazil
- Pleurothallis cremasta Luer & J.Portilla 2001 Ecuador
- Pleurothallis decipiens Ames & C. Schweinf. 1925 Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador and Venezuela
- Pleurothallis fabiobarrosii Borba & Semir 2000 Brazil
- Pleurothallis fockei Lindl. 1859 Brazil, Surinam and Venezuela
- Pleurothallis geminicaulina Ames 1923 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador
- Pleurothallis glanduligera Lindl. 1836 Brazil
- Pleurothallis guimaraensii Brade 1943 Brazil
- Pleurothallis heringeri Hoehne 1946 Brazil
- Pleurothallis hoffmannseggiana Rchb. f. 1849 Brazil
- Pleurothallis hondurensis Ames 1924 Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua
- Pleurothallis hymenantha Lindl. 1835 Brazil, Cuba
- Pleurothallis johannensis Barb. Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis johnsonii Ames 1923 Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama
- Pleurothallis klotzschiana Rchb.f. 1850 Brazil
- Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd. 1831 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Venezuela as well as Trinidad
- Pleurothallis leptotifolia Barb. Rodr. 1877 Brazil
- Pleurothallis lojae Schltr. 1921 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia
- Pleurothallis macropoda Barb. Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis macuconensis Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis marumbyana Garay 1953 Brazil
- Pleurothallis melachila Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis micrantha Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis miqueliana (H.Focke) Lindl. 1859 Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, Fr Guiana, Surinam and Brazil
- Pleurothallis modestissima Rchb.f. & Warm. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis nemorosa Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil
- Pleurothallis obscura A. Rich. & Galeotti 1845 Mexico
- Pleurothallis ochreata Lindl. 1835 Brazil
- Pleurothallis oligantha Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis omissa Luer 1999 Venezuela
- Pleurothallis ophiantha Cogn. 1896 Brazil
- Pleurothallis panduripetala Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis papillosa Lindl. 1835 Brazil
- Pleurothallis parahybunensis (Barb.Rodr.) Luer 1981 Brazil
- Pleurothallis pardipes Rchb. f. 1872 Brazil
- Pleurothallis prognatha Luer & R.Escobar 1983 Colombia
- Pleurothallis pubescens Lindl. 1836 Dominican Republic, Puerto Rica, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, French Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina
- Pleurothallis quadricristata Luer & Hirtz 2003
- Pleurothallis quadriserrata Luer 1975 Ecuador
- Pleurothallis ramosa Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis recurva Lindl. 1841 Ecuador, Bolivia and Brazil
- Pleurothallis rostellata Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil
- Pleurothallis saundersiana Rchb.f. 1866 Colombia, Bolivia, Peru and southeastern Brazil
- Pleurothallis saurocephala Lodd. 1833 Brazil
- Pleurothallis serpentula Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis serrulatipetala Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis sonderana Rchb. f. 1849 Brazil
- Bulbophyllum sp.
- Pleurothallis strupifolia Lindl. 1839 Brazil
- Pleurothallis teres Lindl. 1836 Brazil
- Pleurothallis tikalensis Correll & C. Schweinf. 1965 Mexico, Belize and Guatemala
- Pleurothallis translucida Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil
- Pleurothallis tristis Barb.Rodr. 1882 Brazil
- Pleurothallis variegata Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil
- Pleurothallis verecunda Schltr. 1922 Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Ecuador
- Pleurothallis violacea A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845 Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador
- Pleurothallis wageneriana Klotzsch 1852 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil
- Pleurothallis yauaperyensis Barb.Rodr. 1891 Trinidad & Tobago, Veneauela, Guyana, Fr Guiana, Surinam and northern Brazil
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